An estimated 50 million people living in the United States have eye allergies, making it one of the most common complaints in doctors offices. Allergic conjunctivitis is a type of allergy that affects the conjunctiva, which is the transparent layer of skin in the eye. Allergic conjunctivitis can be cause by environmental factors, such as grass, pollen, weeds, dust, pet dander or mold and can cause itchy, red eyes that tear, burn, produce mucous and blurred vision. Indoor allergens like dust mites and insects can cause symptoms year round.
If your allergies affect your ability to work or interrupt your quality of life, you should see your doctor, or go to a doctor who specializes in eye health, known as an ophthalmologist. People who have seasonal allergies should see their doctor before the allergens are active. If you have constant allergies you will probably have to see your doctor routinely in order to prevent flare-ups. Your doctor will rule out other possible problems by examining the blood vessels in your eyes using a special microscope.
The best way to treat an eye allergy is to avoid the allergens. If youre allergic to mold, be sure to keep your house clean. If youre allergic to pollen, you should remove your clothing and shoes in a garage or a coatroom before entering the main rooms of your house. If your allergies to pollen are really bad, taking a shower and shampooing your hair after youve been outside could be especially helpful. You should wash your bedding often, vacuum regularly and eliminate leaks in your home that can cause puddles to form and mold to grow.
Over the counter medications like antihistamines and eye drops can help manage many of your symptoms. Antihistamines block the chemicals that cause allergy symptoms. Eye drops can keep your eyes lubricated and ease burning and itchiness. Prescription eye drops can prevent a reaction before it occurs. Common prescription eye medications include Alocril, Zaditor, Optiva and Elestat. Restasis is a prescription eye medication that reduces inflammation. Ophthalmic corticosteroids like Alrex and Lotemax are for more severe, persistent eye allergies.
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